Characteristic findings of malignant melanoma in the sinonasal cavity on magnetic resonance imaging / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Malignant sinonasal melanoma (MSM) is a rare tumor with a perplexing signal intensity due to variable histopathologic components. This study was undertaken to delineate its MR imaging features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MR imaging findings of 10 patients (6 women and 4 men, mean age 61.3 years old) with pathologically confirmed MSM were retrospectively reviewed. The location, size, signal intensity, enhancement, and internal imaging characteristics of all tumors were evaluated. Signal intensity and degree of enhancement was graded in comparison with the gray matter and adjacent muscle uptake, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 8 tumors that were pathologically confirmed to contain melanin. Compared to gray matter of the brain, 7 of them demonstrated hyperintensity on T1WI and 6 (6/7) showed hypointensity on T2WI. There was multiple linear, dark-signal intensity on T2WI within the mass in 9 of the 10 patients' tumors. Evaluated with gadolinium-enhanced imaging, all 10 patients showed moderate enhancement within the areas that were isointense in the lesion on pregadolinium T1WI. Moreover, some parts which displayed hyperintensity on T1WI within the tumors of 7 patients showed mild enhancement that was similar to muscle on a time-intensity curve (TIC).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MSM shows characteristic MR signal intensity (hyperintensity on T1WI and the linear, low-signal intensity on T2WI), which may provide valuable information for clinical diagnosis. Together with conventional MRI, TIC may be useful for indicating pleomorphic patterns of MSM.</p>

Evaluation of nasal patency in patients with vasomotor rhinitis / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To measure the nasal patency in patients with vasomotor rhinitis (VMR) and healthy controls and to assess its correlation with visual analogue scale (VAS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 105 patients with VMR and 71 healthy controls were included in this study. By using nasal rhinomanometry, the pressure-flow curve and got total nasal resistances of 75 Pa and 150 Pa were measured. By means of acoustic rhinometry, the area-distance curve before and after using nasal vasoconstrictor substance was obtained, got the nasal minimum cross-sectional area (MCA), then calculated nasal congestion index (NCI). The outcomes of nasal resistance and acoustic rhinometry in two groups were compared. The correlation between VAS and nasal patency of VMR was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The correlation between the outcomes with nasal resistance and acoustic rhinometry and VAS of nasal symptom showed no statistical significance in VMR patients (all P > 0.05). MCA before and after decongestion showed no difference (Z value were -1.541 and -0.626, each P > 0.05), NCI had statistic differences in two groups (Z = -2.707, P < 0.05). Nasal resistance of 75 Pa had statistic differences in two groups (Z = -4.334, P < 0.05), 150 Pa showed no difference (Z = -1.314, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Vasomotor rhinitis is one of the most common non-allergic rhinitis. Subjective symptoms has no correlation with objective nasal patency tests. In clinical practice, comprehensive evaluation of subjective symptoms and objective test results of the patient is required.</p>

Evaluation of serum specific IgE for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis with multi-allergens / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Objective evaluation of allergic rhinitis (AR) requires in vivo and in vitro tests. In vitro tests are important to assist or ensure the main allergens in multi-allergen-sensitive patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of serum specific IgE (sIgE) in the diagnosis of AR patients with multi-allergens in the Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Combining a positive skin prick test (SPT) and clinical history as the diagnostic reference criteria of AR, we estimated concentrations of sIgE produced in response to the 7 most frequent allergens among 85 AR patients, using the UniCAP assay system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 85 individuals with positive SPT results and allergen-specific nasal symptoms, sIgE concentration correlated well with SPT classes among all the tested allergens. Based on a clinical diagnosis and SPT results using a positive cut-off value of a class 1 score, the CAP test performed well and the sensitivity for different allergens ranged from 0.5 (giant ragweed) to 0.91 (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f), while specificity ranged from 0.93 (Der f) to 1.0 (animal hair, Der p and mugwort). When the cut-off score was adjusted to class 2, the sensitivity showed an increase overall while the remaining assessed items, including specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and efficiency, showed an unacceptable decline.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Well-established serum sIgE tests correlated well with SPTs. Setting a class 1 cut-off for positivity of SPT results was better than a class 2 setting for assessing the AR diagnostic value.</p>

Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide in healthy Chinese / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To obtain the normal values of nitric oxide (NO) exhaled through nose and mouth in healthy Chinese adults by measuring exhaled NO and analyzing the influencing factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty healthy Chinese adults were recruited, including 20 males and 60 females. The age ranged from 18 to 44 years old. Chemiluminescence analyzer (NIOX) was used to obtain the values of exhaled NO through nose and mouth. The relativity between NO and gender, age, height, body mass index, time, ambient NO were analyzed with Multiple linear regression and correlation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Exhaled NO values were (17+/-8)x10(-9) and correlated significantly with height. Regression equation: Y (exhaled nitric oxide)=-58.524+0.457X (height, cm), t=-2.985, P<0.01. Transnasal NO values were (819+/-211)x10(-9) and correlated significantly with age and gender. Regression equation: Y (nasal nitric oxide)=760.245+9.417X1(age)-111.222X2(gender), t=5.188, P<0.01.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Exhaled NO normal values were 17x10(-9) and Transnasal NO normal values were 819x10(-9). Exhaled NO correlated positively with height. Transnasal NO correlated positively with age and negatively with gender.</p>